IQR Method:

• Uses quartiles (Q1, Q3)
• Outliers: < Q1 - 1.5×IQR or > Q3 + 1.5×IQR
• Robust to extreme values
• Good for skewed distributions

Z-Score Method:

• Uses mean and standard deviation
• Outliers: |z-score| > threshold
• Assumes normal distribution
• Sensitive to extreme values

Modified Z-Score:

• Uses median and MAD
• More robust than standard z-score
• Less sensitive to outliers
• Good for non-normal data